Friday, 15 February 2019

The Hidden Life of Trees: What They Feel, How They Communicate—Discoveries from A Secret World by Peter Wohlleben




When you know that trees experience pain and have memories and that tree parents live together with their children, then you can no longer just chop them down and disrupt their lives.



When trees grow together, nutrients and water can be optimally divided among them all so that each tree can grow into the best tree it can be.



Without bark the tree cannot transport sugar from its leaves to its roots.



Modern forestry targets a maximum age of 80 to 120 years before plantation trees are cut down and turned into cash.  Under natural conditions, trees that age are no thicker than a pencil and no taller than a person.



A mature beech tree can send more than 130 gallons of water a day coursing through its branches and leaves, and this is what it does as long as it can draw enough water up from below.



If trees are capable of learning (and you can see they are just by observing them), then the question becomes: Where do they store what they have learned and how do they access this information? After all, they don't have brains to function as databases and manage processes.



When trees are really thirsty, they begin to scream.  If you're out in the forest, you won't be able to hear them, because this all takes place at ultrasonic levels. 



A tree contains almost as much liquid inside it as we do.



Moss grows very slowly and takes decades to get established.



Beeches harass other species, such as oaks, to such an extent that they weaken.



Spruce store essential oils in their needles and bark, which act like antifreeze.



Dwarf trees on the tundra, which are sometimes trampled to death by travelers who don't even know they are there. It can take these trees a hundred years to grow just 8 inches tall.



We know less about the ocean floor than we know about the surface of the moon.



The older the tree, the more quickly it grows.  Trees with trunks three feet in diameter generated three times as much biomass as trees that were only half as wide.  So, in the case of trees, being old doesn't mean being weak, bowed, and fragile.  Quite the opposite, it means being full of energy and highly productive.